22,36). Volume 1 March - October 2019. Ecol. CDC uses a four-level social-ecological model to better understand violence and the effect of potential prevention strategies. What kind of framing, what research, would allow traitsclassically understood as a different representation and interpretation of well-established and known properties of the social-ecological systemto fully work as mediators for understanding the behavior, functions, and needs of urban systems under pressure? Article Ecol. How to make socioenvironmental modelling more useful - besjournals 16, 397409 (2013). The core fundamental principles of social ecology are that: 1) ecological issues directly result from social issues, and these environmental problems will only resolve with the amending of social issues, 2) social factors, such as racism, poverty, sexism, and exploitation of developing countries lead to environmental problems. 7, 831844 (2017). In particular, the development in the technical dimensions of detecting traits and trait variation20,34, and tracking these over time, has recently rapidly developed. 208, 209220 (2016). World Development, Vol. This model (PDF) was created to visually illustrate the individual, family, organization, community and societal factors that influence mental health and well-being. Abstract This commentary addresses the Social and Ecological Thought (SET) framework based on virtue ethics (Dyck & Manchanda, in AMS Review, 2021 ). 38), but the reason(s) behind either individual or group decisions that lead to filtering (e.g., see refs. Ilieva, R. T. & McPhearson, T. Social-media data for urban sustainability. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. Kissling, W. D. et al. Founded in 1915, ESA seeks to . [4][5] It is thus the communities which interact with ecosystems on the daily basis and over long periods of time that possess the most relevant knowledge of resource and ecosystem dynamics, together with associated management practices. Ecosystems Vol.1, pp. Andersson, E., Haase, D., Anderson, P. et al. However, broader social and contextual domains are also essential contributors to the opioid crisis such as interpersonal relationships and the conditions of the community . Introduction (1996) Adaptive management: promises and pitfalls. 481517. Social ecology may refer to: . When combined, the two categories of traits can be used to detect, identify and monitor the current state of ecosystems, and to anticipate the outcomes of change8,10,17,18,19. 24, pp. The Financial Bottom Line (FBL) is believed to be a mainstream utilitarian philosophy. Urban For. Madrid-Lopez C. And Giampietro M. 2015 TheWater Metabolism of Socio-Ecological Systems Reflections and a Conceptual Framework Journal of Industrial Ecology 19(5): 853-865. [Website], Available from:<. Ecosystem services and biodiversity conservation: concepts and a glossary. 431436. Urban Plan. First we will argue why such defining is needed in ( Section 2 ). 29, 348356 (2018). Resilience Theory and Socio-Environmental Systems | SESYNC Although panarchy theory originates in ecology, it has found widespread applications in other disciplines. Natl Acad. Opin. Warren, DM., Slikkerveer, LJ., Brokensha, D. (1995) The Cultural Dimension of Development: Indigenous Knowledge System. 17, 29052935 (2011). Cite this article. This broad approach to thinking of health, advanced in the 1947 Constitution of the World Health Organization, includes physical, mental, and social well-being (World Health Organization, 1947). CAS be achieved in this socio-ecological transition, using various hybrid forms of multiple actors forums in which collective decisions would be adopted between pro- The adaptive cycle is one of the five heuristics used to understand social-ecological system behaviour. Urban Plan. Variation in leaf surface hydrophobicity of wetland plants: the role of plant traits in water retention. Socio-Ecological System - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics BioScience, Vol.51, pp. To remain effective it requires institutional framework and social networks to be nested across scales. Urban Ecosyst. Although climate . Interlinked traits, from those determining sensitivity, to those mediating response elicited by sensitivity, could improve mechanistic understanding by supporting the development of stepwise response-effect pathways17. Glob. 30, 2127 (2013). Boundary object: [] those [] objects which both inhabit several intersecting social worlds and satisfy the information requirements of each of them. Based on the diverse use and potential meanings of the word traits, we argue that a traits framework, and traits-focused interdisciplinary discussions and projects, could support a dual ontological stance where some connections are more universal, while others are inherently interpretational or simply individual. Citree: a database supporting tree selection for urban areas in temperate climate. Engaging citizens in the production of scientific knowledge, for example by interactively . All branches of investigation need to be embedded in an interdisciplinary discussion about the role that traits play for social-ecological interactions and mutual exchange. Multi-level socioecological drivers of agrarian change: Longitudinal evidence from mixed rice-livestock-aquaculture farming systems of Bangladesh. [] They have different meanings in different social worlds [and across cultures] but their structure is common enough to more than one world to make them recognizable, a means of translation.71 p. 393, see also72. Response diversity, ecosystem change, and resilience. 29, pp. 243246. 3, 29582975 (2013). The 'how' of justice shall deal with socio-ecological issues in a dialogical and democratic way, with inclusive public discussions, without impediments, and rejecting appeals to authorities. Towards global data products of essential biodiversity variables on species traits. Aust. [6] While resilience has somewhat different meaning in social and ecological context,[7] the SES approach holds that social and ecological systems are linked through feedback mechanisms, and that both display resilience and complexity. Development of multi-functional streetscape green infrastructure using a performance index approach. Active citizenship for urban green infrastructure: fostering the diversity and dynamics of citizen contributions through mosaic governance. Trait-based approaches to analyze links between the drivers of change and ecosystem services: synthesizing existing evidence and future challenges. Wellmann, T. et al. Much attention has focused on individual risks according to various characteristics and experiences. Jahn, T., Becker, E., Keil, F., and Schramm. Frantzeskaki, N. et al. Environ. We argue that studying socio-ecological interactions is not merely the sum total of social scientific and ecological research, because socio-ecological interactions are not interactions. Here, we propose that the environment, described through traits, could be considered a boundary object (Box 1), allowing for a multiplicity of views, disciplinary connections, engagements, and perceptions, and that speaks to the complexity of social-ecological systems. What defines social ecology as social is its recognition of the often-overlooked fact that nearly all our present ecological problems arise from deep-seated social problems. McPhearson, T. et al. PDF What are the socio-ecological problems of Cities? - Landscape Performance Luck, G. W., Smallbone, L., Threlfall, C. & Law, B. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA. The notion of panarchy and adaptive cycles has become an important theoretical lens to describe the resilience of ecological systems and, more recently, social-ecological systems. Norberg, J., & Cumming, G. S. (2008). Vandewalle, M. et al. [4] Therefore, complex systems should always be analysed or managed simultaneously at different scales. (e.g., see refs. Evans, J. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, Vol. Johannes, R. E. (1998) The case of data-less marine resource management: examples from tropical nearshore finfisheries. To ensure that cities and urban ecosystems support human wellbeing and overall quality of life we need conceptual frameworks that can connect different scientific disciplines as well as research and practice. 12, 474478 (1997). Pffel, C., Haase, D. & Priess, J. Google Scholar. Wieland, A. Steering the socio-environmental system In this article we will discuss some important aspects of defining a socio-environmental system. Barnett, J. Mapping functional diversity from remotely sensed morphological and physiological forest traits. Glob. In Fraser's theory (2008), dialogue is the . Wellmann, T. et al. [32][33] Some scholars have suggested that management and governance of SESs may benefit from combination of different knowledge systems;[34][35][36] others have attempted to import such knowledge into the scientific knowledge field[37] There also those who have argued that it would be difficult to separate these knowledge systems from their institutional and cultural contexts,[38] and those who have questioned the role of traditional and local knowledge systems in the current situation of pervasive environmental change and globalised societies. Serv. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articles Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. [24], Emergence is the appearance of behaviour that could not be anticipated from knowledge of the parts of the system alone.[25]. Boundary objects are objects, which are both plastic enough to adapt to local needs and the constraints of the several parties involving them, yet robust enough to maintain a common identity across sites. The three dimensions of a social-ecological traits framework for understanding and governing urban systems. Williams, N. S. G. et al. Theoretical flow chart linking the entities of a social-ecological system to its traits, demonstrating how a traits frameworkas outlined in this articlemight be positioned to support the analysis, interpretation and governance of urban systems. We discuss some research directions to address the knowledge gaps in terms of specific research topics, methodologies, and broader system perspectives. [5] These subfields are: Each of the six areas summarised is a bridge spanning different combinations of natural science and social science thinking. 122, 129139 (2014). J. Bot. Scaling environmental change through the community-level: a trait-based response-and-effect framework for plants. J. Bot. 1, 553565 (2018). USA 108, 895902 (2011). The number refer to links between the entities and are exemplified in the source of the figure (Picture C). The first dimension is represented by observable traits of the urban environment, e.g., features of humans and other co-inhabiting species and their differing responses to pressures and selection, leading to functional consequences and finally, altered characters of an urban social-ecological system. von der Lippe, M., Buchholz, S., Hiller, A., Seitz, B. Through its ability to connect different spheres and discourses, an expanded traits framework can aim for effective and inclusive decision support that is responsive and place-adapted. Understanding and assessing vegetation health by in situ species and remote-sensing approaches. [1], A social-ecological system (SES) can be defined as:[2](p.163), Scholars have used the concept of social-ecological systems to emphasise humans as part of nature and to stress that the delineation between social systems and ecological systems is artificial and arbitrary. Cernansky, R. Boidiversity moves beyond counting species. Multiple-scale integrated assessment of societal metabolism: an analytical tool to study development and sustainability. Just as mainstream ecology had tried to exclude humans from the study of ecology, many social science disciplines had ignored the environment altogether and limited their scope to humans. Low-maintenance green tram tracks as a socially acceptable solution to greening a city. Berkes and colleagues[6] distinguish four sets of elements which can be used to describe social-ecological system characteristics and linkages: Knowledge acquisition of SESs is an ongoing, dynamic learning process, and such knowledge often emerges with people's institutions and organisations. Application to human perception and sense-making requires more data, theory and empirical work, and especially the way people relate to traits will likely vary considerably across cities and contexts across the globe. Could this be done using traits instead of commonly used area-based indicators? Pretty, J., and Ward, H. (2001) Social capital and the environment. Indic. It draws heavily on systems ecology and complexity theory. The two main dimensions that determine changes in an adaptive cycle are connectedness and potential. 23, 6978 (2016). E., (2009), Understanding Social-Ecological Systems: Frontier Research for Sustainable Development. Sterk, M. et al. Lausch, A. et al. Jetz, W. et al. Aust. 6,14) and allow for the types of generalizations sought in ecology15,16. Socioeconomic Environment Collaborative for Health & Environment These approaches are evolving rapidly, supported by the increasing availability of data on physical and socio-economic parameters. New handbook for stand-ardised measurement of plant functional traits worldwide. Traits used in this way provide a specific link to interactions and feedback mechanisms between human wellbeing and functional ecology (and respective proxies that serve multiple relational (feedback) purposes). A conceptual framework for predicting the effects of urban environments on floras. A social-ecological system consists of 'a bio-geo-physical' unit and its associated social actors and institutions. The individual level is concerned with an individual's knowledge and skills. Social-ecological systems Drinking water security 1. Giampietro M, Mayumi K (2000). Earthscan, London, UK. Traits as boundary objects and connectors between knowledge systems: What is needed to better position and connect the concept of traits to multiple different literatures and disciplines and enable traits to be used as a useful boundary object? Conserv. Turnhout, E. The effectiveness of boundary objects: the case of ecological indicators. J. Appl. On the other hand, the ecological component refers to the biosphere, that is, to the part of the planet on which life develops. March 2019, issue 1. For analysing the sustainability of complex social-ecological systems, innovative methods and approaches that are able to account for and represent interactions between the various system components are essential. Higher-level, larger-scale properties such as landscape morphology and water availability, the profile of pest communities or potential invasions can be further informed by the development of more detailed traits frameworks. The social ecological model conceptualizes health broadly and focuses on multiple factors that might affect health. Ludwig, D., Mangel, M., and Haddad, B. Suding, K. N. et al. 96, 99110 (2019). Individual traits, trait combinations, and interlinked suites of traits: A key promise of traits is to provide mechanistic explanations of observed structure, patterns and functionality, which is usually demonstrated through statistical correlations. Social or cultural potential can be characterised by the "accumulated networks of relationships-friendship, mutual respect, and trust among people and between people and institutions of governance"[4] (p.49). Trends Ecol. quantum physics) that have little direct relevance for understanding SES. Cadotte, M. W., Carscadden, K. & Mirotchnick, N. Beyond species: functional diversity and the maintenance of ecological processes and services. Bai, X. et al. Lausch, A. et al. [19], SES theory incorporates ideas from theories relating to the study of resilience, robustness, sustainability, and vulnerability (e.g. Ecol. For example, in management, Wieland (2021) describes a panarchy that represents the planetary, political-economic, and supply chain levels. For example, land conversionlike the soil sealing and compaction typical in citiesfundamentally alters soil properties, which in turn affects vegetation. Such an approach to institutional learning is becoming more common as NGOs, scientist and communities collaborate to manage ecosystems. Policy 98, 2029 (2019). October 2019, issue 3-4. 2001. At the same time, there is a growing interest in flowers and blooming meadows among gardeners worldwide also to support insects in urban landscapes to counteract global biodiversity decline37,39. From this perspective, we see in a traits framework the potential to support a shift towards more flexible and effective planning approaches, more suitable to address todays urban challenges and to promote greater well-being, sustainability and resilience of present and future cities. Landsc. McDonnell, M. J. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. 18, 7386 (2015). What Is Social Ecology? | Institute for Social Ecology Dancing the Supply Chain: Toward Transformative Supply Chain Management. Use the class materials and the web to examine the importance and truth of your hunch. However, the link between traits and ecosystem functions has largely been inferred (ibid. Kendal, D. et al. Buijs, A. et al. "Introduction . (2001) Ecology, conservation, and public policy. & Niemel, J. [dubious discuss][5] It generates path dependency, which refers to local rules of interaction that change as the system evolves and develops. Urban Green. Multiple-Scale Integrated Assessments of Societal Metabolism: Integrating Biophysical and Economic Representations Across Scales. Holling, C. S. (2001) Understanding the complexity of economic, ecological, and social systems, Ecosystems, Vol.4(5), pp.390-405. Glob. Linking remote sensing and geodiversity and their traits relevant to biodiversityPart I: soil characteristics. 2020). Conserv. However, there are other characteristics that could also be understood as traits. Socioeconomic Environment Our "environment" includes both social and physical determinants of health. 1). Healthy country, healthy people: An Australian Aboriginal organisation's adaptive governance to enhance its social-ecological system. Conserv. [5] Phenomena at each level of the scale tend to have their own emergent properties, and different levels may be coupled through feedback relationships. [Website] Available from: <. Nodes of socio-ecological vulnerability are identified, and the inclusion of areas that provide ecosystem services and ecological resilience to future climate change is innovative. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 57 (1), 5873. Public infrastructure providers involve, for example, local users associations and government bureaus and public infrastructure include institutional rules and engineering works. For example, replacing shade trees with fine-foliaged trees may improve adaptation to future climates but would not provide the same levels of climate mitigation57. Public Policy 36, 403412 (2009). Agricultural Systems, 177, p.102695. Ecol. Urban Green. Population and the Environment 22.2:155-210. Expanding from the original characteristics which have demonstrable links to the organisms function6, we see traits as a nexus where different theories and conceptualisations about social-ecological systems can connect, intertwine and comprehensively allow us to assess the current state of a systemand even more importantly, evaluate the implications of change (Box 1 and Fig. Mackinson, S., and Nottestad, L.( 1998) Combining local and scientific knowledge. Ecol. In order to emphasise the key requirements of a social-ecological system for successful adaptive governance, Folke and colleagues[50] contrasted case studies from the Florida Everglades and the Grand Canyon. To this end, we explore the potential of using an expanded conceptualization of traits as a platform for integrated approaches to understanding the different facets of people-in-nature relationships and dynamics4,5. Indic. The debate over innovation in sustainable food in Africa is multifaceted and complex since it is impacted by an array of issues, including social, cultural, religious, and environmental implications. Advancing urban ecology toward a science of cities. Environmental literacy, ecological literacy, ecoliteracy: What do we Curr. Multi-level socioecological drivers of agrarian change: Longitudinal evidence from mixed rice-livestock-aquaculture farming systems of Bangladesh. Article Costanza R, Low BS, Ostrom E, Wilson J. Urban Plan. In terms of its dynamics, the adaptive cycle has been described as moving slowly from exploitation (r) to conservation (K), maintaining and developing very rapidly from K to release (Omega), continuing rapidly to reorganisation (alpha) and back to exploitation (r). Walker, B. H., Gunderson L. H., Kinzig, A. P., Folke, C., Carpenter, S. R., and. Plant traits and extinction in urban areas: a meta-analysis of 11 cities. & Balhoff, J. P. Time to change how we describe biodiversity. Roloff, A., Korn, S. & Gillner, S. The climate-species-matrix to select tree species for urban habitats considering climate change. Urban Plan. (2002) Resilience and sustainable development: building adaptive capacity in a world of transformations, Ambio, Vol.31, pp. [51] Problems of sustainable development are intrinsically tied to the social-ecological system defined to tackle them. Scale is important when dealing with complex systems. This page was last edited on 21 April 2023, at 06:43. Sikorski, P. et al. 27, 7884 (2012). Plant Soil 199, 213227 (1998). [51], Aravindakshan, S., Krupnik, T.J., Groot, J.C., Speelman, E.N., Amjath-Babu, T.S. & Hahs, A. K. The future of urban biodiversity research: Moving beyond the low-hanging fruit. 70, 317339 (2016). 689443). Agricultural Systems, 177, p. Thilo Wellmann receives a scholarship by the Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt DBU (German Federal Environmental Foundation). 8, 112 (2017). [47] It "reflects the strength of internal connections that mediate and regulate the influences between inside processes and the outside world"[4] (p.50).